9th English
Unit_1
Press the Topic Links below
1. Glossary
|
Sl. No. |
Word / phrase |
Meaning in English |
Meaning in Telugu |
|
1 |
Crinkly
(adj) |
With
many folds or lines |
మడతలతో |
|
2 |
Attic
(n) |
A
space just below the roof, used as a storeroom |
à°…à°Ÿà°• |
|
3 |
Scornful
(adj) |
Contemptuous/
showing you think something is worthless |
à°šులకనగా |
|
4 |
Slot
(n) |
A
given space, time or position |
ఇచ్à°šిà°¨ సమయం / à°¸్తలం |
|
5 |
Geared
(to) |
Adjusted
to particular standard or level |
ఉన్నతీà°•à°°ింà°šేà°¨ు |
|
6 |
Loftily
(adv) |
In
a superior way |
ఉన్నతముà°—ా |
|
7 |
Regular
(adj) |
Normal/
of the usual kind |
à°¸ాà°§ాà°°à°£ంà°—ా |
|
8 |
Betcha
(informal) |
Bet
you / I am sure |
à°–à°š్à°šిà°¤ంà°—ా |
|
9 |
Nonchalantly
(adv) |
Not
showing much interest or enthusiasm / carelessly |
à°…à°œాà°—్à°°à°¤్తగా |
|
10 |
Blanked
out (phr.v.) |
Removed
/ erased |
à°šెà°°ిà°—ిà°ªోà°¯ేà°¨ు |
|
11 |
Probably
(adv) |
May
be |
బహుà°¶ా |
|
12 |
Took
something apart (phr v.) |
To
separate something into pieces |
à°µేà°°ుà°šేà°¯ుà°Ÿ |
|
13 |
Pronounce
(v) |
To
say something outside |
à°¬ిà°—్à°—à°°à°—ా à°šెà°ª్à°ªుà°Ÿ |
|
14 |
Dispute
(v) |
Argue
about |
à°—ొడవపడుà°Ÿ |
|
15 |
Superior
eyes (phr) |
Superior
to someone |
ఉన్నతముà°—ా |
|
16 |
Telebooks
(n) |
the
digitalized form of books that we can find online /
books that appear on screen |
à°¡ిà°œిà°Ÿà°²్ à°®ీà°¡ిà°¯ా à°¦్à°µాà°°ా
à°šేà°¸ిà°¨ à°ªుà°¸్తకాà°²ు |
|
17 |
Smart
enough |
Intelligent
|
à°¤ెà°²ిà°µైà°¨ |
|
18 |
Tuck
(v) |
To
put something in a particular place |
à°¦ోà°ªుà°Ÿ |
|
19 |
Screamed
(v) |
Shouted
loudly |
à°—à°Ÿ్à°Ÿిà°—ా à°…à°°à°šేà°¨ు |
2.
Thinking
about the Text
I. Answer these questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each. (ref. pg.10)
1. How old are Margie and Tommy?
(ref.para-2)
Margie
is eleven years old and Tommy is thirteen years old.
2. What did Margie write in her
diary? (ref.para-1)
Margie wrote, “Today Tommy found a real book!” , in
her diary.
3. Had Margie ever seen a book
before? (ref.para-1)
No, Margie had never seen a book before.
4. What things about the book did
she find strange? (ref. para-1)
Margie found two strange things
a) The pages were yellow and crinkly. B) It was funny to read words that stood
still instead of moving.
5. What do you think a telebook is?
A book that is displayed on a television-like screen
is called telebook.
6. Where was Margie’s school? Did
she have any classmates? (ref para-9)
Margie’s school was in her home
only. No, she did not have any classmates.
7. What subjects did Margie and
Tommy learn? (ref paras 5 & 9)
They learned History, Geography, and Arithmetic.
II. Answer each of these questions in a short
paragraph (about 30 words) (ref. pg.10)
i) Who says these words?
ii) What does ‘it’ refer to?
i) Tommy says these words.
ii) 'It' refers to the television screen.
ii) What does ‘regular’ mean here?
iii) What is it contrasted with?
i) They refer to the students who studied in the old kind of schools, centuries before the time the story is set in.
III. Answer each of these questions in two or three short paragraphs (about 30 words) (ref. pg.10)
1. 1. What kind of teachers did Margie and Tommy have? (ref. para-4)
Margie and Tommy had mechanical teachers in their homes. Those mechanical teachers always taught them, tested them, and calculated the marks in no time. They had to put their homework and test papers in the given slots of the mechanical teachers for evaluation.
2. 2. Why
did Margie’s mother send for the County Inspector? (ref. para-3)
Margie’s mother sent for the Country Inspector because the mechanical teacher was not functioning well. It had been rapidly giving test after test in Geography beyond the level of Margie.
3.
3. What did he do? (ref paras - 3 & 5)
The Country Inspector separated the parts of the Mechanical Teacher and he slowed the Geography sector, which was running faster, up to an average ten-year level.
4. 4. Why
was Margie doing badly in Geography? What did the County Inspector do to help
her?
Margie was doing badly because the Mechanical Teacher was faster than the required speed in Geography sector. To help Margie, the Country Inspector reduced the speed of the Mechanical Teacher to an average ten-year level.
5. 5. What
had once happened to Tommy’s teacher? (ref para-5)
Once, Tommy’s teacher was taken away for nearly a month because its history sector had blanked out completely.
6. 6. Did Margie have regular days and
hours for school? If so, why? (ref para-9)
Yes, Margie had regular days and hours for school except the weekends because her mother believed that learning at regular hours helped little girls learn better.
7. 7. Wow does Tommy describe the old kind of school? (ref para-7)
Teachers and students went to a special building known as a school. The kids of the same age learned the same thing. The teachers gave them the homework and asked them questions.
8. 8. How does he describe the old kind of teachers?
He says that the old teachers were not Mechanical Teachers but they were human beings.
IV.
Answer each of these questions in two or
three paragraphs (100-150 words) (ref. pg.10)
1. What are the main features of the
mechanical teachers and the schoolrooms that Margie and Tommy have in the
story?
Unlike human teachers, mechanical teachers are more powerful and
consistent in teaching. The students need not go anywhere to learn. The room in which the mechanical teacher is
placed is called the classroom. The mechanical teacher is placed in their
houses and they teach them all subjects systematically. Children learn from the
telebooks displayed on the screens. The
mechanical teacher teaches, gives homeworks and asks questions thoroughly.
2. Why did Margie hate school? Why did she
think the old kind of school must have been fun?
Margie hated her school because it was a room. The teacher was a mechanical device that
taught and gave her homework. The part Margie hated most was the slot where she
had to put homework and test papers.
She
thought that the old schools must have been fun because the same-age students
used to sit together in the classroom, learn together, laugh together, and played
together in the schoolyard.
3. Do you agree with Margie that schools
today are funnier than the school in the story? Give reasons for your answer.
I do agree with Margie that schools today are funnier than the
school in the story. The school in the story is not at all a school because a
mechanical teacher teaches without any emotions or
understanding the children. It can only teach the things which it has been
programmed.
Today’s
schools work for the overall development of the students in a healthy
environment. Students have more fun in the present schools and they also have
edutainment. Finally, they become good citizens.
3. Thinking about the Language
1. Find the sentences in the lesson which have the adverbs given in the box below.
The above-given adverbs can be found
in the textbook as below. Refer to the given page numbers below
1. They turned the pages, which were yellow and
crinkly, and it was awfully funny
to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to
− on a screen, you know. (ref.pg.no.6)
2. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test
after test in Geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother
had shaken her head sorrowfully and
sent for the County Inspector.
3. They had once taken Tommy’s teacher away for
nearly a month because the history sector had blanked out completely.
(ref.pg.no.7)
4. He added loftily, pronouncing
the word carefully, “Centuries ago.” (ref.pg.no.7)
5. “But my mother says a teacher has to be adjusted
to fit the mind of each boy and girl it teaches and that each kid has to be
taught differently.” (ref.pg.no.8)
6. “I didn’t say I didn’t like it,” Margie
said quickly. (ref.pg.no.8)
7. “May be,” he said nonchalantly. (ref.pg.no.8)
2. Now use these adverbs to fill in the blanks in the sentences below.
i) The report must be read _____________ so that performance can be improved.
ii) At the interview, Sameer answered our questions
_____________ , shrugging his shoulders.
iii) We all behave ________________ when we are tired
or hungry.
iv) The teacher shook her head ____________ when Ravi
lied to her.
v)
I __________ forgot about it.
vi)
When I complimented Revathi on her success, she
just smiled ___________ and turned away.
vii)
The president of the company is _____________
busy and will not be able to meet you.
viii) I finished
my work __________________ so that I could go out to play.
Answers:
|
i)
Carefully |
ii)
Loftily |
iii) Differently |
iv) Sorrowfully |
|
v)
Completely |
vi) Nonchalantly |
vii) Awfully |
viii) Quickly |
3. Make adverbs from these Adjectives.
(turn the phone HORIZONTAL for a better view)
(
|
|
viii) gloomy __________ |
|
‘If not’ and ‘Unless’
· Unless means ‘if not’.
· 'Unless' is often used in warnings.
·
We
use the conjunction unless to mean ‘except if’. The
clause which follows unless is a subordinate clause (sc): it
needs a main clause (mc) to make a complete sentence.
·
Unless
can be used in three types of conditional clauses like if
Examples:
|
|
If not |
Unless |
|
structure |
If not clause, main clause Main clause + if clause |
Unless clause, main clause Main clause + unless clause |
|
|
1.
If you do not work
hard, you will fail. 2.
You will fail If you do
not work hard. |
3.
Unless you work
hard, you will fail. 4.
You will fail unless
you work hard. |
|
|
5.
If you don’t invite them, they won’t come. 6.
They won’t come if
you don’t invite them. |
7.
Unless you invite
them, they won’t come. 8.
They won’t come unless
you invite them. |
|
|
9.
If you don’t speak English daily, you can’t be
fluent. 10. You can’t be
fluent if you don’t speak English daily. |
11. Unless you speak
English daily, you can’t be fluent. 12. You can’t be
fluent unless you speak English
daily. |
|
|
13. If you don’t open the cage, the bird can’t fly. 14. The bird can’t
fly if you don’t open the cage. |
15. Unless you open the
cage, the bird can’t fly. 16. The bird can’t
fly unless you open the cage. |
|
|
17. If you do not
show me the project in time, I can’t award you marks. 18. I can’t award
you marks if you do not
show me the project in time. |
19. Unless you show me
the project in time, I can’t award you marks. 20. I can’t award
you marks unless you show me the
project in time. |
|
|
21. If you do not
request him, He will not help you. 22. He will not
help you if you do not
request him. |
23. Unless you ask him,
he will not help you. 24. He will not
help you unless you ask him. |
|
|
25. If you do not
buy a ticket, you are not allowed. 26. You are not
allowed if you do not
buy a ticket. |
27. Unless you buy a
ticket, you are not allowed. 28. You are not
allowed unless you buy a ticket.
|
|
|
29. If you do not
leave this place, I will call the police. 30. I will call
the police if you do not
leave this place. |
31. Unless you leave
this place, I will call the police. 32. I will call
the police unless you leave this
place. |
|
|
33. If he did not
work hard, he would fail. 34. He would fail if he did
not work hard. |
35. Unless he worked
hard, he would fail. 36. He would fail unless he worked hard. |
Note : In the unless clause, don’t use will/ woul
Unless you go, (indicates future)
Unless you will go (is a wrong usage)
Exercise on If..not &
Unless
Rewrite
the following sentences using Unless
(Note “Level-1 is for
Beginners and Level-2 for the Advanced)
Level-1
Level-2
Rewrite the following sentences using ‘If..not’ & ‘Unless’
4. Writing
Writing a Letter to a Publisher requesting to send a set
of books through VPP. (ref pg.12 & 13)
Question:
A
new revised volume of Issac Asimov’s short stories has just been released.
Order one set. Write a letter to the publisher, Mindfame Private Limited, 1632
Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, requesting that a set be sent to you by Value Payable
Post (VPP), and giving your address. Your letter will have the following parts.
Answer:
|
Vizianagaram, Dt :……/…../……… From K.Shanmukha Rao, Plot no.507/A, Dharmapuri Road, Padmavathi Nagar Vizianagaram. To The Publisher, Mindfame Private Limited, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi. Sir/Madam, Sub
: Sending of Issac Asimov’s Short Stories through VPP – Request -
Regarding. I
am very happy to hear that your publication has newly published a revised
volume of Issac Asimov’s Short Stories. I am a passionate reader of science
fiction. So, I would like to purchase a set of that revised volume of the
story books from your publications. Hence, I request you to send a set of those books
through VPP to the above given address. I hope you make the necessary
arrangements to send the books at the earliest. Thanking
you, Yours
faithfully. K.Shanmukha Rao |
5. Speaking
In groups of four discuss the following topic. (ref pg.14)
‘The Schools of the Future Will Have No Books and No Teachers! ’
Your group can decide to speak for or against the motion. After this, each group will select a speaker to present its views to the entire class. You may find the following phrases useful to present your argument in the debate.
· I/we fail to understand why . .
.
· I wholeheartedly support/oppose
the view that . . .
· At the outset let me say . . .
· I’d/we’d like to raise the issue
of/argue against. . .
· I should like to draw attention
to . . .
· My/our worthy opponent has
submitted that . . .
· On the contrary . . .
· I firmly reject . . .
Answer:
Speech
1:
In favour
of the motion.
In my opinion, the
given statement may become true in near future. As of now, most of the students
go to regular schools to get the formal education and simultaneously the
students find many ways to learn using the technology available at their
doorsteps. With the advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
into the formal education system, the students are exposed to new horizons.
The technology and the availability of
the new gadgets to the common public have increased the usage of ICT promoting
the learning abilities. The technology
gives a visualization of the difficult concepts. It also reduces the gaps in
learning. Students can learn most of the things from the experts anywhere in
the world. Hence effective teaching and learning takes place with the usage of the
technology.
Finally,
I conclude that there may be a sure possibility of having schools, in near
future, without text books and teachers.
Speech 2:
Against
the motion.
I firmly reject the
above opinion about the future schools without text books and teachers. Here, a
human teacher is replaced with an electronic device and printed text books are
turned into e-books.
First, we need to throw a light on the
goal of our education. The ultimate aim of our education is not just minting
money for an individual’s survival. It is a man making process. If the students
are forced to depend on gadgets for acquiring knowledge, they become slaves and
materialistic with the loss of human values and ethics. The holistic
development of the students will be spoiled within no time. Finally, this will
bring a society without human values and everyone becomes aloof in the crowd.
Therefore, I conclude that human
teachers and textbooks are also quite essential for the schools of the future.
|
The
Road Not Taken |
I ) Answer the following questions (ref. pg.16)
1. Where does the traveller find himself? What problem does he face?The traveller finds himself at a diverged road while travelling in a yellow wood. He faces the problem of choosing between the two roads as he could not travel both at the same time.
2. Discuss what these phrases mean to you.
A yellow wood shows an autumn season.
ii) It was grassy and wanted wear
It means that the path he selected was covered with grass and it had never been trodden by anyone.
iii) The passing there
It means the usage of the path.
iv) Leaves no step had trodden black
It means no one had walked on the leaves and crushed them to turn black
v) How way leads on to way
It means that the poet doubted how one way leads to the other when they are separated.
i) In stanzas two and three
There is no much big difference between the roads that the poet describes in stanza two and three except the usage of the roads. One is less travelled and other is not used by many.
ii) In the last two lines of the poem
The poet chooses the road not used by many. It means he wanted to challenge the new adventures and invite the change in his life.
II ) Answer the following questions (ref. pg.16)
2. After you have made a choice do you always think about what might have been, or do you accept the reality?