Glossary
|
Word / Phrase |
Meaning in English |
Telugu
Meaning |
|
|
1 |
Glimpse /ɡlɪmps/ |
Quick look |
సంగ్రహావలోకణం |
|
2 |
Martyr (n) /ˈmɑː(r)tə(r)/ |
Someone who is killed because of their religious or political beliefs
|
అమరవీరుడు |
|
3 |
Conquest (v) /ˈkɒŋkwest/ |
The process of taking control of land or people during a war |
జయించుట |
|
4 |
Dethrone (v) /dɪˈθrəʊn/ Dethroned |
remove a king or queen from power |
సింహాసనం నుండి తొలగించుట |
|
5 |
Rivalries /ˈraɪv(ə)lri/ |
Enemies |
శత్రువు (లు) |
|
6 |
Loot (v) /luːt/ |
Take something forcefully |
దోపిడీ చేయుట |
|
7 |
Slave (n) /sleɪv/ |
someone who belongs by law to another person as their property and has
to obey them and work for them |
బానిస |
|
8 |
Preach (v) /priːtʃ/ |
to talk about a religious subject at a religious meeting, especially
in church |
భోదించుట |
|
9 |
Scorn /skɔː(r)/ (v) |
Expressing disrespect
|
అపహాస్యం చేయుట |
|
10 |
Crop /krɒp/ |
a plant grown for food, usually on a farm |
పంట |
|
11 |
Artisan (n) /ˌɑː(r)tɪˈzæn/ |
A worker who has special skills and training, especially one who makes
things using hands |
కళాకారుడు |
|
12 |
Cripple (n) /ˈkrɪp(ə)l/ |
an offensive word for someone who is physically disabled, especially
someone who is unable to walk |
వికలాంగుడు |
|
13 |
The East India Company (n) |
The East India Company was a British trading firm that became a key
player in India, influencing its politics and economy for centuries before it
ended in 1874. |
ఈస్ట్ ఇండియా కంపెనీ |
|
14 |
Despise (v) /dɪˈspaɪz/ |
to hate someone or something and have no respect for them |
తక్కువచేసిచూచుట |
|
15 |
Superstitions (n) /ˌsuːpə(r)ˈstɪʃ(ə)n/ |
a belief that things such as magic or luck have the power to affect
your life |
మూఢనమ్మకాలు |
|
16 |
Ruler (n) /ˈruːlə(r)/ |
someone who controls a country |
పరిపాలకుడు |
|
17 |
Subject (n) |
Someone ruled by a king |
పరిపాలింపబడేవారు |
|
18 |
Owe (v) /əʊ/ |
Feel responsible |
భాద్యతగా ఉండుట |
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19 |
Oppression (n) /əˈpreʃ(ə)n/ |
Unfair and cruel treatment by a powerful person or government |
అణచివేత |
|
20 |
Prosper (v) /ˈprɒspə(r)/ |
to be successful, especially by making a lot of money |
అభివృద్ధి చెందుట |
|
21 |
Intellectuals (n) /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/ |
Persons who are well educated and interested in art, science,
literature etc at an advanced level |
మేధావులు |
|
22 |
Conquer (v) /ˈkɒŋkə(r)/ |
Defeat someone |
జయించుట |
|
23 |
Peasants (n) /ˈpez(ə)nt/ |
Farmers |
రైతులు |
|
24 |
Rebellion (n) /rɪˈbeljən/ |
a refusal to obey your leader, especially in politics |
తిరుగుబాటుదారులు |
|
25 |
Massacre (n) /ˈmæsəkə(r)/ |
the action of killing of a lot of people |
ఊచకోత (వొకేసారి
ఎక్కువమందిని చంపుట) |
|
26 |
Discontent (adj) /ˌdɪskənˈtent/ |
With dissatisfaction |
అసంతృప్తిగా |
|
27 |
Revolt (v) /rɪˈvəʊlt/ |
to say that you will not accept someone’s authority or leadership / disobey |
తిరుగుబాటు |
|
28 |
Patriot (n) /ˈpeɪtriət/ |
someone who has strong feelings of love, respect, and duty towards his
country |
దేశ భక్తుడు |
1.
Look at picture 1 and recall the opening
lines of the original song in Hindi. Who is the singer?
Who else do you see in this picture?
Answer: The opening lines of the Hindi Song are ‘Aye Mere Waten
Ke Logon…..’ Lata Mangeskar is the singer. We can see Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru,
Lai Bahadur Shastri and Mrs. Indira Gandhi in this picture.
2.
In picture 2 what do you understand
by the Company’s ‘superior weapons?
Answer:
The Company’s ‘superior weapons’ are its guns, rules and divide-and-rule
policy.
3.
Who is an artisan? Why do
you think the artisans suffered? (Picture 3)
Answer:
An artisan is a skilled person who can make things by hand. The British brought
their machine-made goods to India and also forced Indians to use them. This
made Indian artisans suffer.
4.
Which picture, according
to you, reveals the first sparks of the fire of revolt?
Answer:
‘The first sparks of the fire of revolt’ is revealed in picture 7.
Answer the
following questions. (pg.no.45 TB)
1. Do you think
the Indian princes were short-sighted in their approach to the events of 1757?
Answer: Yes, they were really short-sighted. The Indian princes in
1757 failed to see that by aiding the British in small battles, they were unknowingly
paving the way for British domination across India.
2. How did the
East India Company subdue the Indian princes?
Answer: Indian princes fought each other and sought help from English merchants.
Their constant internal conflicts made peaceful life difficult and helped the
East India Company in subduing them.
3. Quote the
words used by Ram Mohan Roy to say that every religion teaches the same
principles.
Answer: Ram Mohan said, “Cows are of different colours, but the colour of their
milk is the same. Different teachers have different opinions, but the essence
of every religion is the same.”
4. In what ways
did the British officers exploit Indians?
Answer: The British exploited Indians with heavy taxes on farmers. They lowered
import duties on English goods in India and even hurt skilled artisans by
cutting off their thumbs.
5. Name these
people.
(i) The ruler
who fought pitched battles against the British and died fighting.
Answer: Kunwar Singh
(ii) The
person who wanted to reform the society.
Answer: Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(iii) The person who recommended the introduction of English education
in India.
Answer: Lord Macaulay
(iv) Two popular leaders who led the revolt (Choices may vary.)
Answer: Peshwa Nana Saheb and Maulvi
Ahmedulla of Faizabad
6. Mention the
following.
Answers:
(i) Two
examples of social practices prevailing then.
Child marriage and untouchability
(ii) Two oppressive policies of the British.
·
The British reduced the
import duty on Britain’s manufactured goods which affected the Indian
industries and artisans severely.
·
They also passed
Regulation III in 1818, under which an Indian could be jailed without any trial
in court.
(iii) Two ways in which common people suffered.
·
The common people lost
their jobs and lands.
·
The British were
converting the Indians.
(iv) Four reasons for the discontent that led to the 1857 War of
Independence.
·
Indians were treated
like slaves.
·
Indian industries were destroyed
by the East India Company.
·
The Indians had lost
their freedom.
·
The Indian customs were
spoiled as the grease used on the bullet was made of cow and pig fats.
(ref. pg.no.45,46)
Change the
following sentences into indirect speech.
i)
a) First man: We must educate our brothers.
b) Second man: And try to improve their material conditions.
c) Third man: For that, we must convey our grievances to the British
Parliament.
Answers:
a) The first man said that they
must educate their brothers.
b) The second man added that they must
try to improve their material conditions.
c)
The third man suggested that
their grievances must be conveyed to
the British Parliament.
ii) a) First soldier: The white soldier gets huge
pay, mansions and servants.
b) Second soldier: We get a pittance and slow promotions.
c) Third soldier: Who are the British to abolish our customs?
Answers:
ii) a) The first soldier said
that the white soldiers got huge pay, mansions and servants.
b) The second soldier remarked they got a pittance and slow
promotions.
c) The third soldier
asked who the British were to abolish their
customs.
(ref. pg.no.46 & 47)
1. Play the role of
farmers who have grievances against the policies of the government. Rewrite their ‘Speech Bubbles’ in dialogue
form first. (Try Your own)
2. Look at the pictures
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i) Ask one
another questions about the picture (Do it your own) (see pg.no.48 TB) |
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ii)
Write the story in your own words.
Give it a title.
Answer:
Once
there was a fox in a forest. One day it
was very hungry and went in search of food.
Accidentally, it fell into a well. It could not jump out since the well
was deep. The fox was thinking seriously
about coming out of it.
At
the same time, a goat happened to go by the well. It found the fox swimming in
the water. It asked the fox if that water was sweet. The fox replied, “Too
sweet! I’ve had so much. I might faint.”
On hearing that, the innocent goat decided to taste it. Then the fox invited
the goat to jump into the well so the goat did.
The cunning fox stepped on its back and exited the well in no time. The
fox wished him thanks and said, “Come out when you can.”
Then
the innocent fox realised his mistake and recollected the words of his mother
that everyone must be careful when taking advice from the unknown people.
Title
: The Cunning Fox's Escape
Answer
to Q.No.3 (pg. no.49)
The
new method of teaching history in Navi Mumbai using comic books and interactive
activities is great. It makes learning fun and engaging for students by
allowing them to read comics, act out historical characters, and discuss their
ideas in groups. This approach helps students understand history better,
encourages them to express themselves, and makes the subject more interesting.
Q.No.4 & 5 : Try your own
|
Macavity:
The Mystery Cat (poem) |
1. Read the first
stanza and think.
(i) Is
Macavity a cat really?
Answer: Macavity
is described as a cat, but not an ordinary one.
(ii) If not,
who can Macavity be?
Answer: Macavity is described
as a master criminal who can escape the law and even defy gravity.
2. Complete
the following sentences.
i) A master criminal is one who breaks laws and evades capture successfully.
ii) The Scotland Yard is baffled because Macavity is always able to escape and is never present at the scene of the crime.
iii) The Flying Squad is frustrated because Macavity moves much faster than them.
3. “A cat, I am sure, could walk on a cloud without coming through”.
(Jules Verne)
Which law is Macavity breaking in the light
of the comment above?
Answer:
Macavity is breaking the law of gravity because he can levitate, which defies
normal physical laws.
4. Read stanza 3, and then, describe Macavity in two or three
sentences of your own.
Answer:
Macavity is a tall, thin ginger cat with sunken eyes and a neglected
appearance. Despite appearing half-asleep, he is always alert and moves with a
sinuous grace like a snake.
5. Say ‘False’ or ‘True’ for each of the following statements.
i) Macavity is not an ordinary cat. (True)
ii) Macavity cannot do what a fakir can easily do. (False)
iii) Macavity has supernatural powers. (True)
iv) Macavity is well-dressed, smart and bright. (False)
v) Macavity is a spy, a trickster and a criminal, all rolled in one. (True)
6. Having read the poem, try to guess whether the poet is fond of
cats. If so, why does he call Macavity a fiend and monster?
T.S. Eliot might have mixed feelings about
cats. He calls Macavity a fiend and monster because he finds them mysterious
and aloof, but also mischievous and sneaky.
7.
Has the poet used
exaggeration for special effect? Find a few examples of it and read those lines
aloud.
Exaggeration
is used throughout the poem for dramatic effect:
- "He
breaks the law of gravity."
- "His
powers of levitation would make a fakir stare."
- "Macavity’s
a ginger cat, he’s very tall and thin."
These lines emphasize Macavity's
extraordinary abilities and his elusive nature.
Glimpses of the Past' (Video Lessons)
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'Macavity: The Mystery Cat' (Poem_video Lesson)
Click Here to DOWNLOAD Notes Pdf
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